The National Science Foundation (NSF) defines Cyber-physical systems to “… integrate sensing, computation, control and networking into physical objects and infrastructure, connecting them to the Internet and to each other.” Cyber-physical systems include Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and The Internet of Things (IoT).  The NIST definition of ICS is “an information system used to control industrial […]

Networking is a critical component of industrial control systems (ICS). ICS networks differ significantly from information technology networks. Unfortunately, most existing Ethernet networking-related technologies are based on information technologies and practices. While information technology networks must manage dynamic environments, ICS networks are typically less dynamic and more repeatable in terms of network communications.  ICS networks